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Portfolio Case Study

Trauma-Informed
Practice

A full ADDIE instructional design for a state child welfare agency, responding to a federal prevention services mandate and the agency's approved multi-year prevention plan.

ADDIE SAMHSA 4 R's Kirkpatrick Bloom's Taxonomy Child Welfare Blended Learning Spanish-Language Federal Compliance
28–30
Total Training Hours
7 modules · async + live · capstone
28
Learning Objectives
Bloom's Remember → Create, all 6 levels
8
Design Documents Produced
Needs analysis → eval report template
1,000+
Target Agency Workers
10 regional offices
1st
Agency with Approved Federal Prevention Plan
Plan approved 2024
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The Mandate
The Federal
Mandate

A federal prevention services act restructured child welfare funding — making federal dollars available for prevention services, but only if those services are trauma-informed. This is not guidance. It is a prerequisite for federal reimbursement. This training was designed specifically for over 1,000 agency social workers, built directly from the agency's approved prevention plan and organizational data.

Organizational Context · Pre-Design Research

Starting with the Source Documents

Before any design decision was made, I analyzed the agency's actual planning documents — the approved Prevention Plan and the Agency State Plan — alongside applicable federal and local legislation. The training is built from those sources, not adapted from a generic template.

Critical workforce finding: Agency social workers carry an average caseload of 34 simultaneous cases — more than double the 14-case average across other U.S. states and territories. The agency's own organizational assessment (completed by 75% of its workforce) found that 90% identified insufficient human resources and 64% identified insufficient technology as barriers. These findings shaped every design decision in this program.

Governance structure used: The Prevention Plan established six working subcommittees, two of which directly commissioned this training — the Trauma-Informed Workgroup (mandated to ensure TIC compliance) and the Workforce Development Workgroup (mandated to review the agency's training curriculum and address secondary trauma). Scientific partner: an independent research partner.

Evidence-based programs already approved: The agency's plan selected evidence-based programs for pilot implementation — plus a Core Curriculum in Child Trauma and a Wellness & Mindfulness Program for the workforce. This training is designed to prepare workers to recognize, refer to, and support these specific programs.

41.2% Families Below Poverty Line
Economic stress is the #1 documented driver of child maltreatment referrals
8,365 Substantiated Referrals (2019)
47.9% of the 17,474 referrals received that year
$2.5M Annual Scholarship Pipeline
Agency MOU: Federal funding for social work students

The Community's Collective Trauma Context

The Community's Collective Trauma —
Named Directly in the Curriculum

Every case scenario, facilitator script, and cultural reference in this program reflects the community's reality. The families agency workers serve exist within compounding layers of collective trauma that generic child welfare training does not address. I built those realities into the instructional design from the start.

🌀

Major Hurricane

A catastrophic hurricane caused thousands of deaths and left many areas without electricity for over a year. Agency workers are themselves survivors — many lost homes or had offices destroyed. This is not history. It is ongoing.

📉

Economic Collapse & Austerity

Economy significantly contracted over two decades. Federal oversight measures cut public services. Workers carry double the caseloads of mainland counterparts with fewer resources — a structural reality this training names directly.

🏛️

Colonial History & Institutional Distrust

A long and complex relationship with federal governance shapes how families respond to government intervention. The training prepares workers to understand and work with this distrust intentionally.

🌍

Seismic Events

The southwestern earthquake sequence compounded existing crises. Workers in affected regions may themselves be in precarious housing while serving displaced families.

🦠

COVID-19 Pandemic

Isolation, domestic violence surge, parental mental health deterioration, school disruption, and economic contraction — layered onto all prior stressors for families already in the system.

👨‍👩‍👧

Cultural Assets as Strengths

Community values around family unity, personal relationships, mutual respect, and trust are not barriers — they are the cultural infrastructure of healing. This training builds on these values rather than working around them.

Design Process

The ADDIE Process — All Eight Documents

Each document below is a standalone professional deliverable produced through the design process. The portfolio case study was assembled last, after all eight source documents were complete.

Phase 1 · Analyze
Needs Analysis
Phase 1 · ADDIE: Analyze
Needs Analysis Report
Organizational context analysis, performance gap table (6 identified gaps), learner profiles including the critical ACE-exposure consideration, environmental constraints (6 factors), Community collective trauma analysis, and EBP inventory from the actual Prevention Plan.
Performance Gap Analysis Learner Analysis Environment Analysis Policy Grounding
Phase 2 · Design
Instructional Blueprint
Phase 2 · ADDIE: Design
Instructional Blueprint
28 learning objectives mapped to Bloom's levels before any content was drafted. Six theoretical foundations. The Before/During/After blended delivery model. Module sequence, instructional methods matrix, and a three-level assessment plan with completion standards for each.
28 Objectives 6 Theories Blended Architecture Assessment Design
Phase 3 · Develop
Development
Phase 3a · Storyboard
Module 1 eLearning Storyboard
Slide-by-slide specification for the 45-minute async Module 1 — 30 slides with on-screen visuals, narration scripts in the learners' primary language, interaction design, accessibility requirements, and developer notes. The composite family scenario is introduced here and threads forward into Modules 2 and 3.
30 Slides Spanish Narration Scripts WCAG 2.1 AA Offline-Ready
Phase 3b · Facilitation
Facilitator Guide & Style Guide
Two documents in one: a minute-by-minute facilitation guide for all 7 live sessions — with timing, Spanish scripts including the Community Agreements, and an Emotional Safety Protocol — plus the full visual brand system covering color, typography, imagery rules, and print specifications.
7 Session Guides Facilitation Scripts Brand System Safety Protocol
Phase 3c · Materials
Materials Development Plan
Inventory of all 22 participant and facilitator materials with format, language, accessibility, and quantity specs. Includes eLearning technical requirements (HTML5 offline, WCAG 2.1 AA, 150MB cap), a 12-step production timeline, and a seven-stage review and QA protocol.
22 Materials Production Timeline QA Protocol Accessibility Standards
Phase 4 · Evaluate
Evaluation
Phase 4a · Framework
Evaluation Framework
Kirkpatrick L1–L4 framework with instruments, data collection plans, analysis approaches, and decision rules at each level. An evaluation calendar maps every data point across the program timeline. Nine specific decision triggers link evaluation findings to program improvement actions — and directly to the agency's federal compliance reporting.
Kirkpatrick L1–L4 Decision Rules Federal Compliance Eval Calendar
Phase 4b · Instruments
Evaluation Instruments
Not a rubric template — these are the instruments themselves. The L1 satisfaction survey in Spanish with NPS; knowledge assessment items with answer keys and Bloom's mapping; the Module 4 skills observation rubric with 10 behavioral indicators; the 90-day supervisor behavioral checklist; and the capstone five-domain scoring rubric.
L1 Survey L2 Knowledge Assessment L2 Skills Rubric L3 Observation Checklist
Phase 4c · Reporting
Evaluation Report Template
A ready-to-complete post-cohort report covering all four Kirkpatrick levels, with data entry fields pre-structured for each measure. Includes a federal compliance documentation section and signature blocks for the Agency Administrator, the research partner, and the Training Office. Written to function in both Spanish and English for federal reporting.
All 4 Kirkpatrick Levels Federal Reporting Bilingual Approval Workflow

Curriculum Architecture

Seven Modules, One Coherent Arc

The curriculum follows the SAMHSA 4 R's — Realize, Recognize, Respond, Resist Re-traumatization — in direct alignment with the approved Prevention Plan. Cognitive demand is scaffolded progressively, from Remember and Understand in the early modules through Apply, Analyze, Evaluate, and Create by the end.

1
What Is Trauma? Foundations
Realize
3 E's framework · ACEs research · Community collective trauma · Federal prevention mandate
3.5 hrs
2
The Brain and Trauma: Neurobiology
Realize
Brain architecture · Window of Tolerance · Polyvagal Theory · Behavior reframing
3.5 hrs
3
Recognizing Trauma in Families
Recognize
SAMHSA 6 Principles · Developmental indicators · Agency referral pathways for approved EBPs
4 hrs
4
Trauma-Informed Engagement & MI
Respond
Motivational Interviewing OARS · Co-regulation · TI language · De-escalation · Role play
4 hrs
5
Family-Centered Case Planning
Respond
Prevention service plans · agency case management documentation · Trauma-informed safety assessment · Family team meetings
4 hrs
6
Worker Wellness: Secondary Traumatic Stress
Resist
STS vs. burnout · ProQOL-5 · Wellness & Mindfulness Program · Professional sustainability plan
3.5 hrs
7
Supervision and Organizational Transformation
Resist
Reflective supervision · Parallel process · Policy audit · 90-day team action plan · TIC org assessment
3 hrs

Four Design Decisions

01

The Training Is the Model

Every facilitation choice reflects trauma-informed values — predictable structure, no forced disclosure, learner agency, transparent communication. If the training contradicts what it teaches, it loses credibility before the first module ends.

02

Built for This Community Specifically

Every case scenario, facilitator script, and cultural reference reflects the community's reality. A composite family scenario threads through Modules 1–3. Collective and historical trauma is named directly in the curriculum — not acknowledged in a footnote.

03

Workers Are Experts, Not Deficits

Agency workers have deep professional expertise and lived community knowledge. I designed TIC as a lens that builds on what workers already know — not a correction of prior practice. That distinction matters for engagement, and it matters for trust.

04

Skill Over Awareness

Awareness alone doesn't change practice. Every module includes observable skill practice with structured peer feedback. Every transfer task is tied directly to the worker's active caseload — not a hypothetical exercise they'll never use.

Learning Objectives

28 Learning Objectives — All Measurable, All Mapped

All 28 written at the correct Bloom's level, measurable, and tied to SAMHSA's framework. Filter by module below.

# Module Learning Objective Bloom's Level SAMHSA
1.1M1Define trauma using the 3 E's framework (Event, Experience, Effect) and distinguish between acute, chronic, complex developmental, and collective/historical traumaRemember / UnderstandRealize
1.2M1Explain ACEs research findings and their documented relationship to health, mental health, and child welfare involvement across the lifespanUnderstandRealize
1.3M1Describe the community's collective trauma context (disasters, austerity, seismic events, COVID-19, historical factors) and connect to agency case realitiesUnderstand / ApplyRealize
1.4M1Identify how traditional child welfare investigation models may inadvertently re-traumatize families and why the federal prevention mandate requires a paradigm shiftUnderstand / AnalyzeRealize
2.1M2Explain how chronic stress and trauma alter brain development, with reference to the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, and HPA axis stress responseUnderstandRealize
2.2M2Describe the Window of Tolerance model and identify behavioral expressions of hyper-arousal and hypo-arousal in children, adolescents, and adult caregiversUnderstand / ApplyRealize
2.3M2Apply Polyvagal Theory to explain why safety must precede collaboration in family engagement, and how worker presence activates or deactivates the family's threat responseApplyRealize
2.4M2Reframe at least three behavioral presentations common in agency cases (e.g., aggressive parent, non-responsive teenager, withdrawn child) from deficit lens to trauma-informed lensAnalyze / EvaluateRealize
3.1M3Use SAMHSA's 6 Core Principles (Safety, Trustworthiness, Peer Support, Collaboration, Empowerment, Cultural Humility) as a screening framework for evaluating family interactionsApplyRecognize
3.2M3Identify developmental trauma indicators in children ages 0–3, 4–12, and 13–17, distinguishing trauma-driven behavior from developmental regressionUnderstand / AnalyzeRecognize
3.3M3Recognize trauma responses in adult caregivers — including emotional dysregulation, guardedness, hypervigilance, and apparent non-engagement — and differentiate from willful non-complianceAnalyzeRecognize
3.4M3Apply the appropriate agency referral pathway for federally approved evidence-based services based on trauma-informed screening indicatorsApplyRecognize
4.1M4Conduct a trauma-informed initial home visit using the OARS framework (Open questions, Affirmations, Reflections, Summaries) from Motivational Interviewing — explicitly included in the agency's Prevention PlanApplyRespond
4.2M4Use strengths-based, trauma-sensitive language in Spanish in family interactions — avoiding deficit framing, coercive tone, and re-traumatizing questionsApplyRespond
4.3M4Demonstrate co-regulation strategies — adjusting one's own tone, pace, and physical presence to reduce threat activation in a dysregulated family memberApplyRespond
4.4M4Adapt engagement strategy when a family member is in active threat response (fight, flight, freeze, fawn) using evidence-based de-escalation consistent with TI principlesApply / EvaluateRespond
5.1M5Develop a trauma-informed family service plan integrating strengths, cultural assets, and family voice using agency case management documentation standardsCreateRespond
5.2M5Conduct a trauma-informed safety and risk assessment using collaborative, non-coercive approaches that gather necessary information without re-traumatizing familiesApply / AnalyzeRespond
5.3M5Facilitate a trauma-informed family team meeting, structuring agenda to prioritize family voice, minimize power imbalances, and reinforce safety for all participantsApply / CreateRespond
5.4M5Write case notes using strengths-based, rights-preserving language avoiding deficit labels and diagnostic over-reaching, in compliance with agency documentation standardsApplyRespond
6.1M6Distinguish between Secondary Traumatic Stress, vicarious trauma, compassion fatigue, and burnout — identifying organizational and individual contributing factorsUnderstand / AnalyzeResist
6.2M6Assess their own current STS symptom profile using the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL-5), interpreting scores with accuracy and without shameApply / EvaluateResist
6.3M6Apply at least two evidence-based self-regulation strategies from the agency's Wellness and Mindfulness Program (somatic grounding, cognitive reappraisal) in a practice scenarioApplyResist
6.4M6Create a personalized professional sustainability plan identifying STS risk factors, protective factors, early warning signs, and at least three specific mitigation strategiesCreateResist
7.1M7Evaluate the agency's team environment against SAMHSA's organizational trauma-informed self-assessment criteria, identifying at least three areas for improvementEvaluateResist
7.2M7Apply trauma-informed supervisory practices — including reflective supervision, parallel process awareness, and STS check-ins — in a case consultation scenarioApplyResist
7.3M7Develop a team-level 90-day action plan identifying feasible policy or procedural changes to advance trauma-informed practice in their specific regional officeCreateResist
7.4M7Connect their TIC practice to the agency's federal compliance obligations, articulating how trauma-informed services enable federal reimbursementUnderstand / ApplyResist

Phase 3a · Module 1 Storyboard — Sample

Inside the eLearning Design: What Is Trauma?

The storyboard is the most detailed document in any eLearning project — a slide-by-slide specification that serves as both the development brief for the developer and the review document for the SME. Module 1 covers 30 slides across 8 content sections, with full Spanish narration scripts written for each.

Section A
Welcome & Orientation
Slides 1–3
4 minutes
Section B
What Is Trauma? — The 3 E's & Typology
Slides 4–8
10 minutes
Section C
ACEs Research — Prevalence, Dose-Response, Agency Data
Slides 9–13
10 minutes
Section D
Community Collective Trauma Context
Slides 14–18
10 minutes
Section E
The Old Model vs. Prevention-Focused Paradigm Shift
Slides 19–21
5 minutes
Section F
Private Reflection Prompt
Slide 22
3 minutes
Section G
Knowledge Check — 7 Scenario-Based Questions
Slides 23–29
8 minutes
Section H
Closing & Transfer Task
Slide 30
2 minutes

Sample Slide Specification — Slide 05: The 3 E's of Trauma

Slide 05 of 30 · Section A · 2 minutes
What Is Trauma? The 3 E's of Trauma
On-Screen Visual
Animated diagram: three overlapping circles labeled "Event", "Experience", "Effect". Each circle glows as it is introduced. Text in the intersection: "Trauma occurs at the intersection." SAMHSA attribution at bottom. Gold color scheme. Circles appear one at a time, then overlap.
Narration Script (Spanish)
"The word 'trauma' gets used a lot — but what does it actually mean? SAMHSA defines it using three dimensions. The Event: something that occurs that is potentially threatening. The Experience: how the person lives through that event, based on their history and resources. And the Effect: the impact it has on the person's functioning. Trauma is not the event itself — it is the intersection of all three."
Learner Interaction
Learner clicks each circle to reveal its definition and a community-specific example. All three must be clicked before the Next button activates. Not time-limited.
Accessibility Notes
Color is not the only differentiator — each circle has text labels. Animation can be paused. ARIA labels on all three interactive circles. Keyboard-navigable. Text alternative available.
Developer Note: Animation must work offline (CSS or JS only — no CDN dependencies). Do not use external animation libraries. Circles must render correctly in Chrome, Firefox, and Safari without internet connection. Max asset contribution from this slide: 200KB.

Design Decision — Composite Family Scenario

The composite family scenario (a representative child welfare family in the community, post-disaster) is introduced at Slide 4, returns at Slide 13 after the ACEs content, and threads through Modules 1–3 as a progressive practice anchor. This is a story-based learning technique: workers build a relationship with a case and watch their own understanding deepen from module to module. The ACE Score Reflection is informational only in the async eLearning — the private scored version is reserved for the facilitated live session where a trained facilitator is present. That boundary is a deliberate trauma-informed design choice, documented explicitly in the storyboard so no developer overrides it.

Phase 4 · Evaluation

Kirkpatrick Four Levels — Designed Into the Program

Evaluation was designed before delivery, not after. For a training that directly affects child welfare outcomes and must satisfy federal compliance reporting, getting measurement right is not optional.

L1
Reaction
"Did workers find the training relevant, respectful, and applicable?"
Instrument
10-item satisfaction survey in Spanish · 5-point Likert scale · 2 open-ended questions · Net Promoter Score · Anonymous · After each of 7 live sessions
Decision rule: Any item below 3.5/5.0 → facilitator review before next cohort. NPS below 20 → full session audit.
L2
Learning
"Did knowledge, attitudes, confidence, and skills measurably improve?"
Instruments
25-item pre/post knowledge assessment (parallel forms) · STSI Attitude Scale · 10-item self-efficacy survey · Module 4 & 5 skills rubrics · Capstone 5-domain rubric (70% pass threshold)
Decision rule: Knowledge gain <15% → content review. Skills pass rate <70% → facilitator coaching + activity redesign.
L3
Behavior
"Are workers applying TIC practices in their daily casework?"
Instruments
Supervisor behavioral observation checklist (30 & 90 days) · Worker self-report survey · Case note audit — random 5 notes per worker scored for TI language · Transfer task portfolio review
Decision rule: <60% rated "demonstrating" at 90 days → communities of practice activated + supervisory coaching protocol.
L4
Results
"Are outcomes improving for children, families, and workers?"
Data Sources
Agency admin data: family preservation rates · Foster care entry & re-entry rates · EBP referral utilization · Aggregate ProQOL-5 at 6 months · Worker retention/turnover · Federal compliance documentation
Analysis by: Agency QA Office + independent research partner. Reported to the federal administration as part of the agency's Prevention Plan obligations.

Full Deliverable Set

The Eight Deliverables

One document per phase — produced in sequence, not summarized after the fact.

🔍
Phase 1 · Analyze
Needs Analysis Report
Six performance gaps identified and typed. Learner profile including the ACE-exposure consideration. Six environmental constraints mapped to design responses. Community collective trauma context. EBP inventory from the actual Prevention Plan.
🗺️
Phase 2 · Design
Instructional Blueprint
28 learning objectives across all Bloom's levels, six theoretical foundations, the Before/During/After delivery model, instructional methods matrix, and a three-level assessment plan with pass standards.
📋
Phase 3a · Develop
Module 1 Storyboard
30 slides with Spanish narration scripts, interaction specifications, accessibility requirements, and developer notes. The composite family scenario is introduced here and threads forward into Modules 2 and 3.
📖
Phase 3b · Develop
Facilitator Guide & Style Guide
Minute-by-minute session guides for all 7 modules with Spanish scripts, the Emotional Safety Protocol, and a full visual brand system covering color, typography, imagery, slide design, and print standards.
📦
Phase 3c · Develop
Materials Dev Plan
All 22 participant and facilitator materials specified by format, language, accessibility, and quantity. eLearning technical requirements, a 12-step production timeline, and a seven-stage QA review protocol.
⚖️
Phase 4a · Evaluate
Evaluation Framework
Kirkpatrick L1–L4 with instruments, data plans, and nine decision triggers tied to specific thresholds and improvement actions. Evaluation calendar spans from session delivery through the 12-month post-rollout window.
📊
Phase 4b · Evaluate
Evaluation Instruments
The instruments themselves: L1 satisfaction survey in Spanish, knowledge assessment items with answer keys, Module 4 skills rubric, 90-day supervisor observation checklist, and the capstone five-domain scoring rubric.
📄
Phase 4c · Evaluate
Evaluation Report Template
Post-cohort report with pre-structured fields for all four Kirkpatrick levels, a federal compliance documentation section, and signature blocks for agency leadership, the research partner, and the Training Office.

About the Designer

Kimberly
Richard-Rivera

MS Management & Leadership · WGU 2025  |  MEd Education Technology & Instructional Design · WGU (in progress)  |  BA Social Science, IO Psychology · 2019

I designed this program while supporting a child welfare agency's implementation of a federal prevention services mandate. Every decision was grounded in the primary source documents — the agency's Prevention Plan, the State Plan, applicable legislation, and the federal statute. I did not adapt a generic template.

The work covers the full instructional design cycle: organizational context research, needs identification, objective writing, instructional strategy, curriculum design, materials specification, and evaluation architecture — each produced as its own document, not summarized after the fact.

  • Needs analysis using primary source documents — Agency State Plan, Prevention Plan, and federal planning documents
  • 28 learning objectives at verified Bloom's levels — written before content, not extracted from it
  • Blended delivery architecture built around real constraints: 34-case caseloads, 10 dispersed regions, no reliable internet in all areas
  • Full eLearning storyboard with Spanish narration scripts and trauma-informed interaction design
  • Kirkpatrick evaluation framework with actual instruments and decision thresholds — not a generic rubric
  • Federal policy alignment: prevention services mandate, agency Prevention Plan, and applicable legislation
  • Community collective trauma, SAMHSA framework, and Spanish-primary design integrated from the start — not added at the end
Service Context
Child welfare agency — federal prevention mandate implementation
Organization
State Child Welfare Agency
Design Framework
ADDIE · Kirkpatrick · SAMHSA 4 R's · NCTSN TIC Competencies · Bloom's Taxonomy · Adult Learning Theory · Implementation Science
Policy Grounding
Federal Prevention Services Act · Agency Prevention Plan · Agency State Plan · Applicable Legislation
Language
Spanish (all learner-facing materials) · English (documentation) · Culturally adapted Spanish throughout
Scope
Large-scale agency workforce · Multiple regional offices · 7 modules · 28–30 hrs · 8 design documents